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Arab countries, like others, are not homogenous but ratherheterogeneous. This is true whether in terms of per capita income, marketstructures, income distribution, foreign trade, public finance, or monetaryaspects, among others. Historically speaking, different international,regional, and local organizations have adopted different criteria with which toclassify Arab countries into groups. These criteria include: oil and non-oilproducing countries, labor exporters/importers, surplus/deficit balance ofpayments.